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Note :- Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
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In Hindi we say
Examples :-
Listen examples in this lesson at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkwkE2khW6U
*****************
In all above sentences the object is non-living thing like mango, box, song etc.
How should we construct the sentences when object is a person or human ?
The sentence structure is similar in Hindi and Marathi.
I will categorize it in in three different cases
1) You are talking about third person(only for proper nouns and not pronouns). Then verb will be formed as per gender of that person; as discussed in above lesson.
e.g.
कौशिकको पीटर देखना है (kaushikako pITar dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला पीटर बघायचा आहे.(kaushikalA pITar baghAyachA Ahe.)
कौशिकको मेरी देखनी है (kaushikako merI dekhanI hai )
कौशिकला मेरी बघायची आहे.(kaushikalA merI baghAyachI Ahe)
2) Way 1 is grammatically correct but not a natural way. When talking about "persons"; we use "Preposition To" i.e. ला(lA) with the proper noun; like in Hindi we add को(ko) to proper noun. Or use pronoun form.
And verb is always formed with neuter-singular gender.
कौशिकको पीटरको देखना है(kaushikako pITarako dekhanA hai)
कौशिकला पीटरला बघायचे आहे.(kaushikalA pITar baghAyache Ahe.)
कौशिकको मेरीको देखना है (kaushikako merIko dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला मेरीला बघायचे आहे.(kaushikalA merI baghAyache Ahe)
कौशिकको उसे देखना है (kaushikako use dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला त्याला बघायचे आहे. (kaushikalA tyAlA baghAyache Ahe.)
कौशिकको उन्हे देखना है (kaushikako unhe dekhanA hai )
So even for both genders & plurals we used बघायचे(baghAyache) which is neuter-singular form.
3) For first and second person; it is always as in case 2
कौशिकको तुम्हे देखना है (kaushikako tumhe dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला तुला बघायचे आहे. (kaushikalA tulA baghAyache Ahe.)
कौशिकको मुझे देखना है (kaushikako mujhe dekhanA hai )
Listen this part of lesson online at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kI2E9eFYRWU
Exercise: Try creating sentences with different verbs using above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same using “verb forms” feature on http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/
***************************************************************
Note :- Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
***************************************************************
Please use my new website
All lessons from this blog and more are available there
In Hindi we say
मुझे घर जाना है(mujhe ghar jAnA hai), उसे क्रिकेट देखना था(use krikeT dekhanA thA), मुझे आज काम खतम करना है (mujhe Aj kAm khatam karanA hai) etc.
जाना है,करना है, देखना था indicate desire for some activity.
In Marathi such sentence formation is :-
Form of subject with preposition "to"
|
object
| Main verb + form of आयचा(AyachA) |
form of “असणे” as per object and tense
|
मला
|
आंबा
| खायचा | होता |
The form of आयचा (AyachA) is created based on Gender and multiplicity of object; similar to what we have seen in Adjectives.
i.e. it follows आ-ई-ए-ए-या-ई (A-I-e-e-yA-I) rule
I will summarize it as follows :-
Singular
|
Plural
| |
Masculine
|
आयचा ( AyachA )
|
आयचे (Ayache)
|
Feminine
|
आयची (AyachI)
|
आयच्या (AyachyA)
|
Neuter
|
आयचे (Ayache)
|
आयची (AyachI)
|
1) Masculine
e.g. आम (Am)-> आंबा (AMbA)
Singular
मुझे आम खाना है (muje Am khAnA hai )
मला आंबा खायचा आहे (malA AMbA khAyachA Ahe)
Plural
मुझे दस आम खाने है (mujhe das Am khAne hai )
मला दहा आंबे खायचे आहेत (malA AMbe khAyache Ahet)
2) Feminine
e.g. Bag -> पेटी (peTI) ; open -> उघड (ughaD)
Singular
उसे पेटी खोलनी थी (use peTI kholanI thI )
त्याला पेटी उघडायची होती (tyAlA peTI ughaDaayachI hotI)
Plural
उसे पेटीयां खोलनी थी (use peTIyAM kholanI thI )
त्याला पेट्या उघडायच्या होत्या (tyAlA peTyA ughaDaayachyA hotyA)
3) Neuter
e.g. Song -> गाणे (gANe)
Singular
उसे गाना गाना होगा (use gAnA gAnA hogA )
तीला गाणे गायचे असेल (tIlA gANe gAyache asel)
Plural
उसे गाने गाने होंगे (use gAne gAne hoMge )
तीला गाणी गायची असतील ( tIlA gANI gAyachI asatIl)
For अकर्मक verb ( i.e. the verb that does not require noun) form will always be be आयचे (Ayache)
e.g.
मुझे जाना था (mujhe jAnA thA )
मला जायचे होते (malA jAyache hote )
मुझे दौडना होगा ( mujhe dauDanA hogA )
मला धावायचे असेल ( malA dhAvAyache asel )
For अकर्मक verb ( i.e. the verb that does not require noun) form will always be be आयचे (Ayache)
e.g.
मुझे जाना था (mujhe jAnA thA )
मला जायचे होते (malA jAyache hote )
मुझे दौडना होगा ( mujhe dauDanA hogA )
मला धावायचे असेल ( malA dhAvAyache asel )
Negative sentences :-
In Hindi we say;
उसे नहीं जाना है(use nahIM jAnA hai), मुझे ये नही करना था (mujhe ye nahI karanA thA)
In Marathi Negative sentence formation is similar to positive sentence seen above, only we will use negative structure of"To Be" as per object and tense.
We have seen these forms in very beginning of the course
For Present tense refer “Present Continuous Tense” section of
For Past tense refer “Past Continuous Tense” section of
For future tense refer “Future continuous Tense” section of
Form of subject
|
object
| Main verb + form of आयचा(AyachA) |
Negative sentence structured as per object
|
मला
|
आंबा
| खायचा | नव्ह्ता |
e.g.
1) Masculine
e.g. Mango -> आंबा (AMbA)
Singular
मुझे आम नही खाना है(mujhe Am nahI khAne hai )
मला आंबा खायचा नाही आहे ( malA AMbA khAyachA nAhI Ahe
Plural
मुझे दस आम नही खाने है ( mujhe das Am nahI khAne hai )
मला दहा आंबे खायचे नाही आहेत (malA AMbe khAyache nAhI Ahet)
2) Feminine
e.g. Bag -> पेटी (peTI) ; open -> उघड (ughaD)
Singular
उसे पेटी नही खोलनी थी( use peTI nahI kholanI thI)
त्याला पेटी उघडायची नव्ह्ती (tyAlA peTI ughaDaayachI navhtI)
Plural
उसे पेटीयां नही खोलनी थी ( use peTIyAM nahI kholanI thI )
त्याला पेट्या उघडायच्या नव्ह्त्या (tyAlA peTyA ughaDaayachyA navhtyA )
3) Neuter
e.g. Song -> गाणे (gANe)
Singular
उसे गाना नही गाना होगा (use gAnA nahI gAnA hogA )
तीला गाणे गायचे नसेल (tIlA gANe gAyache nasel)
Plural
उसे गाने नही गाने होंगे (use gAne nahI gAne hoMge )
तीला गाणी गायची नसतील ( tIlA gANI gAyachI nasatIl )
Listen examples in this lesson at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkwkE2khW6U
*****************
In all above sentences the object is non-living thing like mango, box, song etc.
How should we construct the sentences when object is a person or human ?
The sentence structure is similar in Hindi and Marathi.
I will categorize it in in three different cases
1) You are talking about third person(only for proper nouns and not pronouns). Then verb will be formed as per gender of that person; as discussed in above lesson.
e.g.
कौशिकको पीटर देखना है (kaushikako pITar dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला पीटर बघायचा आहे.(kaushikalA pITar baghAyachA Ahe.)
कौशिकला मेरी बघायची आहे.(kaushikalA merI baghAyachI Ahe)
2) Way 1 is grammatically correct but not a natural way. When talking about "persons"; we use "Preposition To" i.e. ला(lA) with the proper noun; like in Hindi we add को(ko) to proper noun. Or use pronoun form.
And verb is always formed with neuter-singular gender.
कौशिकको पीटरको देखना है(kaushikako pITarako dekhanA hai)
कौशिकला पीटरला बघायचे आहे.(kaushikalA pITar baghAyache Ahe.)
कौशिकको मेरीको देखना है (kaushikako merIko dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला मेरीला बघायचे आहे.(kaushikalA merI baghAyache Ahe)
कौशिकको उसे देखना है (kaushikako use dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला त्याला बघायचे आहे. (kaushikalA tyAlA baghAyache Ahe.)
कौशिकको उन्हे देखना है (kaushikako unhe dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला त्यांना बघायचे आहे. (kaushikalA tyAMnA baghAyache Ahe.)
So even for both genders & plurals we used बघायचे(baghAyache) which is neuter-singular form.
3) For first and second person; it is always as in case 2
कौशिकको तुम्हे देखना है (kaushikako tumhe dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला तुला बघायचे आहे. (kaushikalA tulA baghAyache Ahe.)
कौशिकको मुझे देखना है (kaushikako mujhe dekhanA hai )
कौशिकला मला बघायचे आहे. (kaushikalA malA baghAyache Ahe.)
Listen this part of lesson online at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kI2E9eFYRWU
Exercise: Try creating sentences with different verbs using above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same using “verb forms” feature on http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/
Note :- Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
***************************************************************
***************************************************************
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