Past/Present/Future Perfect tense in Marathi पूर्ण भूत/वर्तमान/भविष्य काळ

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Please use my new website 

http://LearnMarathiWithKaushik.com

All lessons from this blog and more are available there

Let us learn Past/Present/Future Perfect tense in Marathi.

I have given few examples first, and grammar discussed in detail afterwards. 


मै गया था ( mai gayA thA )
मी गेलो होतो ( mI gelo hoto )

तू बोला था ( tU bolA thA  )
तू बोलला होतास ( tU bolalA hotAs )

वो कल आया होगा ( vo kal AyA hogA )
तो उद्या आला असेल  ( to udyA AlA asel  )

उसने आम खाया है ( usane Am khAyA hai )
त्याने आंबा खाल्ला आहे ( tyAne AMbA khAllA Ahe )

इसने इमली खायी है ( isane imalI khAyI hai )
ह्याने चिंच खाल्ली आहे ( hyAne ciMch khAllI Ahe )

तूने शर्ट धोया होगा ( tUne sharT dhoyA hogA )
तू शर्ट धुतला असशील ( tU sharT dhutalA asashIl )


Grammar insight :- 

The sentence structure in Marathi is same as Hindi. So first we understand structure in Hindi. Then it will be easy to understand same in Marathi. 

Consider the sentence in Past Perfect, Present Perfect and Future perfect tense.

मै गया था ( mai gayA thA).   

मै गया हूं ( mai gayA hUM ).  

मै गया होऊंगा  ( mai gayA hoUMgA  )

Point 1) As you can see "मै गया" is common part in all three tenses. Depending on tense था / हूं / होऊंगा  is appended.  

If same sentences were spoken by a girl, they will be :- 

मै गयी थी  ( mai gayI thI

मै गयी हूं   ( mai gayI hUM )

मै गयी होऊंगी  ( mai gayI hoUMgI )

Point 2) The difference is that depending on gender  थी /हूं /होऊंगी is used or था / हूं / होऊंगा  is used. 

Point 3) The common part "मै गया" or "मै गयी" are nothing but simple past tense. 

Consider another examples

मैने आम खाया था  ( maine Am khAyA thA )

मैने चटनी खायी थी ( maine chaTanI khAyI thI  )

Point 4) As verb खाना ( khAnA ) is सकर्मक क्रियापद ( sakarmak kriyApad ), the common part i.e. "मैने खाया" , "मैने खायी"; as well as form of verb  "होना" is as per noun i.e. कर्म  ( karm ) which are "आम" and "चटनी" in these two cases.

In short in Hindi structure is

"Sentence in simple past tense" followed by form of "होना" .

If verb is अकर्मक (akarmak) i.e. which does not need noun then form of "होना" is based on tense AND gender, pluralism of कर्ता ( kartA )

If the verb is सकर्मक ( sakarmak ) i.e. which needs noun,  then form of "होना" is based on tense AND gender, pluralism of कर्म  ( karm )

This is exact way in "perfect" tense sentence is prepared in Marathi. 

"Sentence in simple past tense" followed by form of verb "असणे" .

Read previous blogs to understand Simple past tense :- 

 http://learn-marathi-from-hindi-kaushiklele.blogspot.in/2013/02/past-tense.html

Read previous blogs to understand form of  असणे in Marathi. :- 

http://learn-marathi-from-hindi-kaushiklele.blogspot.in/2013/03/forms-of-verb-to-be-etc.html

Listen examples in this lesson at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=02h97Q_Wz6s

Exercise: Try creating sentences with different verbs using above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same by “verb forms” feature on http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/

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Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
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